Is a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the "anchor") when making decisions. During decision making, anchoring occurs when individuals use an initial piece of information to make subsequent judgments.
For instance if individuals were asked whether the tallest building in the world was more or less than X amounts of ft, the mean answer given would be influenced by the x value given to them. As individuals use that information to sway their guess.